PART: 21 || #WBCS #2020 21ST OF #MAINS SERIES
বায়োলজির পোস্ট। বন্ধুরা, আজ এলাম বায়োলজি নিয়ে। বায়োলজির সিলেবাসটাও বাকি গুলোর তুলনায় খুব একটা ছোট নয়। এখানে মনে রাখার প্রয়োজন বেশি পড়বে। তাই নীচের কয়েকটা বিষয়ে টেবিল বানাতে পারো।
1। কোষের বিভিন্ন অংশ ও বিবরণ। একস্তর বা দ্বিস্তর পর্দাবিশিষ্ট অঙ্গানু।
2। বিভিন্ন রক্তকনিকার পরিচিতি ,শতকরা অবস্থান, ও কাজ।
3। বিভিন্ন প্রানী ও তাদের রেচনাঙ্গ।
4। চোখ কানের বিবরণ।
5। বিভিন্ন হরমোন, তাদের উতপত্তি, কাজ, কম বা বেশি ক্ষরণে ফলাফল।
6। বিভিন্ন মৌলের ও ভিটামিনের প্রয়োজন ও অভাবে কি হতে পারি।
6 । বিভিন্ন রুগ, কারণ, তাদের চেনার উপায় , সারানোর পদ্ধতি।
7 বিভিন্ন প্রাণী ও তাদের গমনাঙ্গ, শ্বসনাঙ্গ।
মনে রাখবে। বায়োলজিতে প্রশ্ন উদাহরণ থেকে। বিভিন্ন একশেপশন থেকে বেশি হবে। এখানেও তোমরা টাটা ম্যাগ্রহিতে বা, আর কোনো ইংরেজি বই পড়ো।
Cell theory. - Basic Unit of life: Cell as a basic unit of life; prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, multicellular organisms; cell membrane and cell wall, cell organelles; chloroplast, mitochondria, vacuoles, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus; nucleus, chromosomes - basic structure, number.
Structure of chromosome:
Basic structure of chromosome with elementary understanding of terms such as chromatin, chromatid, gene structure of DNA and centromere.
Genetics: Mendel’s laws of inheritance and sex linked inheritance of diseases.
Monohybrid cross, dihybrid cross. The following terms to be covered: gene, allele, heterozygous, homozygous, dominant, recessive, mutation, variation, phenotype, genotype. Sex determination in human beings.
Sex linked inheritance of diseases to include haemophilia and colour blindness (only criss cross inheritance).
Tissues, Organs, Organ System, Organism: Structure and functions of animal and plant tissues (four types in animals; meristematic and permanent tissues in plants).
Control and co-ordination in animals and plants:Tropic movements in plants; Introduction to plant hormones; control and co-ordination in animals : nervous system; voluntary, involuntary and reflex action, chemical co-ordination: animal hormones.
Reproduction: Reproduction in animal and plants (asexual and sexual)
Heredity and evolution: Heredity; Mendel's contribution- Laws for inheritance of traits: Sex determination: brief introduction; Basic concepts of evolution.
Transpiration,
process and significance;
A brief idea of guttation and bleeding।
Photosynthesis: the nature of the process itself and the great importance of photosynthesis to life in general; the necessity of light, carbon dioxide & chlorophyll and also the formation of starch and the output of oxygen; carbon cycle.
Human
Circulatory System: Main features; the structure and working of the heart, blood vessels, structure and functions of blood and circulation of blood (only names of the main blood vessels entering and leaving the heart, liver and kidney will be required).
Composition of blood (Structure and functions of RBC, WBC and platelets).
Excretory System: Elementary treatment of the structure and function of the kidneys; the kidneys treated as comprising cortex and medulla and consisting of a branched system of tubules well supplied with blood vessels leading to the ureter
Nervous system: Structure of Neuron; central, autonomous and peripheral nervous system (in brief); brain and spinal cord; reflex action and how it differs from voluntary reflex.
Sense organs - Eye and ear; Eye defects and corrective measures (myopia, hypermetropia, presbiopia, astigmatism and cataract).
Endocrine System: General study of the following glands: Adrenal, Pancreas, Thyroid and Pituitary. Difference in Endocrine and Exocrine glands.
Effects of hypo secretion and hyper secretion of hormones
The Reproductive System: Organs, fertilisation and a general outline of nutrition and respiration of the embryo. Menstrual cycle, outline of menstrual cycle.
Nutrition:
Classes of food: balanced diet. Malnutrition and deficiency diseases.
Functions of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, mineral salts (calcium, iodine, iron and sodium), vitamins and water in proper functioning of the body.
Digestive System: Organs and digestive glands and their functions (including enzymes and their functions in digestion; absorption, utilisation of digested food); tests for reducing sugar, starch, protein and fats.
Organs and their functions; functions of saliva; brief idea of peristalsis; digestion in various parts of alimentary canal. Tests for sugar, starch, protein and fats.
Movement and Locomotion:
(i) Functions of human skeleton
(ii) Axial and Appendicular Skeleton
(iii) Types of joints - immovable, slightly movable and freely movable (hinge joint, ball and socket joint, gliding joint, pivot joint.)
Structure and functions of skin.
Various parts of the skin and their functions to be taught with the help of diagrams; heat regulation, vasodilation, vasoconstriction to be explained.
Respiratory System: Organs; mechanism of breathing; tissue respiration, heat production.
Differences between anaerobic respiration in plants and in man. Brief idea of respiratory volumes, effect of altitude on breathing and asphyxiation.
Cause of diseases:
(i) Bacteria - types of bacteria, bacterial control, three examples of diseases caused by bacteria e.g. Tuberculosis, Tetanus, Syphilis (Veneral disease).
(ii) Virus - nature of viruses, three examples of viral diseases e.g. Poliomyelitis, Mumps, Rabies, etc. Introduction to HIV, its outline structure and spread.
(iii) Parasites - two examples, roundworm, tapeworm and their control.
(iv) Brief idea of endemic, epidem ic, pandemic, and sporadic.
এর পরের দিন কম্পিউটার।
1। কোষের বিভিন্ন অংশ ও বিবরণ। একস্তর বা দ্বিস্তর পর্দাবিশিষ্ট অঙ্গানু।
2। বিভিন্ন রক্তকনিকার পরিচিতি ,শতকরা অবস্থান, ও কাজ।
3। বিভিন্ন প্রানী ও তাদের রেচনাঙ্গ।
4। চোখ কানের বিবরণ।
5। বিভিন্ন হরমোন, তাদের উতপত্তি, কাজ, কম বা বেশি ক্ষরণে ফলাফল।
6। বিভিন্ন মৌলের ও ভিটামিনের প্রয়োজন ও অভাবে কি হতে পারি।
6 । বিভিন্ন রুগ, কারণ, তাদের চেনার উপায় , সারানোর পদ্ধতি।
7 বিভিন্ন প্রাণী ও তাদের গমনাঙ্গ, শ্বসনাঙ্গ।
মনে রাখবে। বায়োলজিতে প্রশ্ন উদাহরণ থেকে। বিভিন্ন একশেপশন থেকে বেশি হবে। এখানেও তোমরা টাটা ম্যাগ্রহিতে বা, আর কোনো ইংরেজি বই পড়ো।
Cell theory. - Basic Unit of life: Cell as a basic unit of life; prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, multicellular organisms; cell membrane and cell wall, cell organelles; chloroplast, mitochondria, vacuoles, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus; nucleus, chromosomes - basic structure, number.
Structure of chromosome:
Basic structure of chromosome with elementary understanding of terms such as chromatin, chromatid, gene structure of DNA and centromere.
Genetics: Mendel’s laws of inheritance and sex linked inheritance of diseases.
Monohybrid cross, dihybrid cross. The following terms to be covered: gene, allele, heterozygous, homozygous, dominant, recessive, mutation, variation, phenotype, genotype. Sex determination in human beings.
Sex linked inheritance of diseases to include haemophilia and colour blindness (only criss cross inheritance).
Tissues, Organs, Organ System, Organism: Structure and functions of animal and plant tissues (four types in animals; meristematic and permanent tissues in plants).
Control and co-ordination in animals and plants:Tropic movements in plants; Introduction to plant hormones; control and co-ordination in animals : nervous system; voluntary, involuntary and reflex action, chemical co-ordination: animal hormones.
Reproduction: Reproduction in animal and plants (asexual and sexual)
Heredity and evolution: Heredity; Mendel's contribution- Laws for inheritance of traits: Sex determination: brief introduction; Basic concepts of evolution.
Transpiration,
process and significance;
A brief idea of guttation and bleeding।
Photosynthesis: the nature of the process itself and the great importance of photosynthesis to life in general; the necessity of light, carbon dioxide & chlorophyll and also the formation of starch and the output of oxygen; carbon cycle.
Human
Circulatory System: Main features; the structure and working of the heart, blood vessels, structure and functions of blood and circulation of blood (only names of the main blood vessels entering and leaving the heart, liver and kidney will be required).
Composition of blood (Structure and functions of RBC, WBC and platelets).
Excretory System: Elementary treatment of the structure and function of the kidneys; the kidneys treated as comprising cortex and medulla and consisting of a branched system of tubules well supplied with blood vessels leading to the ureter
Nervous system: Structure of Neuron; central, autonomous and peripheral nervous system (in brief); brain and spinal cord; reflex action and how it differs from voluntary reflex.
Sense organs - Eye and ear; Eye defects and corrective measures (myopia, hypermetropia, presbiopia, astigmatism and cataract).
Endocrine System: General study of the following glands: Adrenal, Pancreas, Thyroid and Pituitary. Difference in Endocrine and Exocrine glands.
Effects of hypo secretion and hyper secretion of hormones
The Reproductive System: Organs, fertilisation and a general outline of nutrition and respiration of the embryo. Menstrual cycle, outline of menstrual cycle.
Nutrition:
Classes of food: balanced diet. Malnutrition and deficiency diseases.
Functions of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, mineral salts (calcium, iodine, iron and sodium), vitamins and water in proper functioning of the body.
Digestive System: Organs and digestive glands and their functions (including enzymes and their functions in digestion; absorption, utilisation of digested food); tests for reducing sugar, starch, protein and fats.
Organs and their functions; functions of saliva; brief idea of peristalsis; digestion in various parts of alimentary canal. Tests for sugar, starch, protein and fats.
Movement and Locomotion:
(i) Functions of human skeleton
(ii) Axial and Appendicular Skeleton
(iii) Types of joints - immovable, slightly movable and freely movable (hinge joint, ball and socket joint, gliding joint, pivot joint.)
Structure and functions of skin.
Various parts of the skin and their functions to be taught with the help of diagrams; heat regulation, vasodilation, vasoconstriction to be explained.
Respiratory System: Organs; mechanism of breathing; tissue respiration, heat production.
Differences between anaerobic respiration in plants and in man. Brief idea of respiratory volumes, effect of altitude on breathing and asphyxiation.
Cause of diseases:
(i) Bacteria - types of bacteria, bacterial control, three examples of diseases caused by bacteria e.g. Tuberculosis, Tetanus, Syphilis (Veneral disease).
(ii) Virus - nature of viruses, three examples of viral diseases e.g. Poliomyelitis, Mumps, Rabies, etc. Introduction to HIV, its outline structure and spread.
(iii) Parasites - two examples, roundworm, tapeworm and their control.
(iv) Brief idea of endemic, epidem ic, pandemic, and sporadic.
এর পরের দিন কম্পিউটার।
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